Results of highlighting genes associated with ethylene production in apple genotypes cultivated in Romania
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51258/RJH.2025.04Keywords:
Firmness, CAPS technique, SSLP technique, Md-ACS1, MdACO1, MdACS3a, Apple speciesAbstract
Molecular screening using SSLP and CAPS techniques enabled the genotyping of 40 apple cultivars developed at the main national research centres in Romania. All markers proved to be informative, successfully amplifying the target fragments previously reported in multiple studies. Genotyping with SSLP and CAPS techniques revealed a moderate but statistically significant level of genetic diversity and a high degree of allelic polymorphism. SSLP-based genotyping detected all expected allelotypes in the cultivars, whereas the CAPS technique identified all three expected allelotypes only when digested with the TaqI enzyme; digestion with BstNI did not yield all anticipated allelotypes. Pearson correlation analysis between allelotypes identified through SSLP and firmness loss after 30 days of storage showed no significant correlation for the bb/aa allelotype, which is associated with efficient ethylene limitation. However, a weak negative correlation was observed for the bb/ab allelotype, corresponding to a moderate ethylene production rate. The estimated inbreeding coefficient indicated a moderate reduction in observed heterozygosity for the MdACS1 marker, while a moderate heterozygote excess (Ho > He) was recorded for MdACO1 and MdACS3a markers. The study highlights a significant level of genetic diversity and provides valuable information for marker-assisted selection aimed at developing cultivars with superior postharvest quality.
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